Prosthetic Hand Implanted in First Arkansan

The first Arkansan, and only the second person in the world, has received an innovative prosthetic hand developed by researchers at the Institute for Integrative and Innovative Research (I³R), which restores a meaningful sense of touch and grip force following surgery at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences.

The lengthy and detailed operation was led by neurosurgeon Erika Petersen, M.D., with co-leading roles for orthopaedic hand and nerve specialists John Bracey, M.D., and Mark Tait, M.D.

From left: UAMS surgeons Mark Tait, John Bracey and Erika Petersen, and ANS Group members James Abbas, Ranu Jung, Sathyakumar Kuntaegowdanahalli and Anil Thota.

“The surgery went really well,” said Petersen, also a pioneer in the implantation of nerve stimulators for pain and movement disorders. “It’s a great achievement for UAMS, the University of Arkansas and our state. It’s also an exciting promise of what’s to come for people with amputations around the globe.”

The neural-enhanced prosthetic was invented and developed with funding from the National Institutes of Health by an engineering team led by Ranu Jung, Ph.D., and James Abbas, Ph.D., from the U of A Institute for Integrative and Innovative Research while serving as faculty researchers at Florida International University and Arizona State University. It has received FDA investigational device exemption status, an effort led by Sathyakumar Kuntaegowdanahalli, Ph.D. The leading-edge device was also used in the first surgery of its kind, which was performed in Florida.

As part of the Arkansas collaboration, the step-by-step implant procedure developed by the I³R team was displayed on a large screen during the surgery, and the team was on hand to provide clarification, as needed.

The clinical trial participant, whose identity remains confidential in accordance with clinical trial guidelines, has been learning to use the neural-enabled prosthesis at the University of Arkansas, Fayetteville with the I³R team since recovering from the January surgery.

The prosthesis technology significantly advances the ability to harness the power of the human nervous system, said Petersen, a professor and director of the Section of Functional and Restorative Neurosurgery in the College of Medicine Department of Neurosurgery.

“Drs. Jung and Abbas and their team have opened the door to a new era of augmenting people’s ability to function in the world,” she said. “We are grateful they chose us as collaborators.”

Abbas, who has a joint appointment with UAMS in the Department of Neurosurgery, led discussions that brought the team of UAMS surgeons, Snell Prosthetics and Orthotics and health technology companies together with I³R’s Adaptive Neural Systems Group (ANS). The UAMS Translational Research Institute has also facilitated collaboration on the study, “Neural Enabled Prosthesis for Upper Limb Amputees.”

“As researchers pioneering innovations to make a positive societal impact, we need academic and industry partners who are on the leading edge with us,” Abbas said. “Our collaboration with UAMS and Snell is an example of the type of innovative work that is happening in Arkansas.”

Petersen, Bracey and Tait used their complementary expertise to implant 15 microelectrodes and other components that are part of the Jung-Abbas device and which enable communication between the brain and the prosthesis through the arm’s median and ulnar nerves.

Bracey and Tait had the specialized task of implanting the thinner-than-human-hair filament wires into the patient’s nerves. The job was a perfect fit for the unique duo, surgical partners throughout their residency, surgical specialty fellowship training and their UAMS practice.

Preparation for the surgery included training and practice with the I3R team, including on a human cadaver at UAMS. During the surgery, Bracey and Tait worked quietly as they sat across from each other using a surgical microscope positioned above the patient’s left arm.

“We’re really in tune, and sometimes we communicate without even talking,” said Bracey, an assistant professor in the College of Medicine Department of Orthopaedic Surgery.

“This surgery was a little bit sneaky hard, but Dr. Bracey and I have been operating together for so long that it came to us very easily and naturally,” said Tait, an associate professor in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery. “And when issues arose, we weren’t frazzled; we just worked through them and figured it out.”

Bracey and Tait accessed the median and ulnar nerves on the inside of the arm, and Petersen worked through an incision on the outside of the arm.

As the expert in neuromodulation, Petersen ensured that the neurostimulator portion of the device was placed appropriately. The neurostimulator receives commands from the prosthesis-mounted components and produces electrical pulses that get conveyed to the patient’s nervous system, enabling the sense of touch.

“From my perspective, the surgery went very smoothly, and I was impressed with the level of teamwork and collaboration by everyone involved,” Jung said. “I’m pleased that with this second successful surgery, we’re taking another step forward toward broad deployment of this life-improving technology.”

Bracey and Tait work with many individuals with amputations, and they have dreamed about such a breakthrough.

“The idea of enabling someone to feel with their prosthesis is pretty meaningful, and we’re excited to be part of this groundbreaking project with Drs. Jung and Abbas and the I³R team,” Tait said.

This project was supported in part by the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R01EB023261.

The Translational Research Institute is supported by the NIH National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Clinical and Translational Science Award UL1 TR003107.